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10 Types of Electrical transformer W.r.t Usage in 2024-Electronicsinfos

What is an Electrical Transformer?

10 Types of Electrical transformer W.r.t Usage in 2024-Electronicsinfos
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one primary circuit to another Secondary circuit, using the principle of electromagnetic induction. during the transformation of electrical energy from one circuit to another, the frequency remains constant.

Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Uses

There are different types of Electrical transformers are categorised based on uses Including

  1. Large power transformer
  2. Distribution transformer
  3. Small power transformer
  4. Sign lighting transformer
  5. Control and signalling transformer
  6. gaseous discharge lamp transformer
  7. Bell ring transformer
  8. Instrument transformer
  9. Constant transformer
  10. Series transformer for street lightning

Large power transformer

A large power transformer is designed to handle high power levels in electrical transmission and distribution systems. These transformers are used in substations to step up or down voltage levels. Large power transformers can have capacities ranging from a few hundred kilovolt-amperes (kVA) to several hundred megavolt-amperes (MVA).

Large power transformer
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

Applications Of Large Power Transformer 

  1. Large Power Transformers are used in Electrical grids to transmit large power over long distances. 
  2. In distribution substations, large power transformers are used to step down high-voltage electricity from transmission lines to lower voltages that are suitable for distribution to homes, businesses, and industries.
  3. Large power transformers are used in manufacturing plants, refineries, and mining for smooth operations.
  4. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems use large power transformers to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).
  5. Large power transformers are used in railway electrification systems.

Distribution transformer

A distribution transformer is a type of transformer mainly used in electrical distribution systems. The purpose of a Distribution transformer is to step down high-voltage from transmission lines to lower voltages suitable for use in homes, businesses, and industries. These transformers are mounted on poles or installed on concrete pads in substations located within residential or commercial areas.

Distribution transformer
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

Applications Of Distribution Transformer 

  1. Distribution transformers are used to distribute electrical power from high-voltage transmission lines to lower voltage levels.
  2. They are installed in commercial buildings such as offices, shopping centres, and hospitals to supply electricity.
  3. Distribution transformers play a vital role in supplying electricity to residential areas.
  4. Distribution transformers help regulate voltage levels within acceptable limits.
  5. Distribution transformers are used in railway electrification projects to power traction systems, signalling systems, lighting etc.

Small power transformer

A small power transformer is an electrical device used to convert voltage from one level to another with the same frequency. These transformers are designed to handle low power levels, ranging from a few watts to a few kilowatts. Small Power transformers are normally the type of self-air-cooled.

The primary voltage is between 125 to 2400 volts. The secondary voltage is 230/460 or 115/230v. The standard size of a Small power type of transformer is 75,150,225,300 VA.

Small power transformer
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

Applications Of Small Power Transformer 

  1. Small power transformers are used in household appliances, offices, shops, restaurants, lighting, and other domestic needs.
  2. Small power transformers are utilized in light industrial settings for powering small machinery, tools, and equipment.
  3. Schools, colleges, and universities use small power transformers to supply electricity to classrooms, laboratories, libraries, and administrative buildings.
  4. Hospitals, clinics, and medical centres rely on small power transformers.

Sign lighting transformer

The signal lighting transformer consists of a single-phase, constant potential, self-air-cooled transformer. This transformer provides 115 -230 step-down volts. The windings of this type of transformer are totally enclosed in the box. This transformer is manufactured in the size of 5 KVA.

Sign lighting transformer
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

Applications Of Sign Lighting Transformer 

  1. Sign lighting transformers are used to power outdoor signs and billboards.
  2. They are installed in commercial properties such as retail stores, restaurants, shopping malls, and entertainment venues.
  3. Sign-lighting transformers are used in public spaces such as parks, plazas, stadiums, and event venues.
  4. Along highways, roadsides, and transportation corridors, sign-lighting transformers are employed to power large roadside billboards, digital displays, and advertising panels.
  5. In the hospitality industry, including hotels, resorts, casinos, and restaurants, sign-lighting transformers are used to illuminate exterior signs.
  6. Sign lighting transformers find applications in retail environments such as shopping centres, storefronts, and retail outlets to highlight store signs, logos, and promotional displays.
  7. They are installed in sports stadiums, arenas, theatres, and concert halls to light up signage, sponsor logos, and promotional banners.

Control and signalling transformer

This is a Self air-cooled transformer that is available in constant potential. The purpose of this type of transformer is to provide voltage in electrically operated switches and other equipment. This type of transformer is also an open and closed type.

Control and signalling transformer
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

Applications Of Control and Signalling Transformer 

  1. Control and signalling transformers are widely used in industrial automation systems to provide power for control circuits, relays, and timers.
  2. They are commonly installed in control panels to supply power to control devices, switches, and indicators.
  3. In heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, control and signalling transformers power control circuits, actuators, valves, and sensors are used for regulating temperature, airflow, and humidity.
  4. These transformers are utilized in security and surveillance systems to power control panels and alarm systems.
  5. They are used in fire alarm and detection systems to power control panels, smoke detectors, heat detectors, pull stations, and audible/visual signalling devices such as fire alarms, strobe lights, and emergency exits.
  6. In water and wastewater treatment plants, control and signalling transformers supply power to control panels, pumps, valves, and instrumentation.

gaseous discharge lamp transformer

Gaseous discharge lamp transformers, also known as ballasts, are essential components in lighting systems that use gaseous discharge lamps such as fluorescent lamps, neon lamps, and high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps. This type of transformer is a variable voltage type. Some transformer also contains capacitor in the metal box that improve the power factor. This type of transformer is self air-cooled type.

gaseous discharge lamp transformer
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

Applications Of Gaseous Discharge Lamp Transformer 

  1. They are used in offices, schools, hospitals, and retail stores.
  2. Gaseous discharge lamp transformers are used to power neon tubes.
  3. HID lamps such as high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps and metal halide lamps are used for street lighting, parking lot lighting, and outdoor area lighting.
  4. HID lamps are also used for high-bay lighting in warehouses and manufacturing plants.
  5. HID lamps are used in sports stadiums and arena lighting.
  6. HID lamps, particularly metal halide lamps, are used in greenhouses and indoor farming.
  7. Gaseous discharge lamps are used in architectural lighting.

Bell ringing transformer

A bell-ringing transformer, also known as a doorbell transformer, is an electrical device used to step down voltages. These transformers typically reduce voltage from 120 volts (in the US) or 230 volts (in Europe, and Asia) to a safer and more appropriate voltage for doorbell circuits, around 16 to 24 volts AC (alternating current).

Bell ringing transformer
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

Applications Of Bell Ringing Transformer 

  1. bell-ringing transformers are used to power chime systems in homes, offices, or other buildings. 
  2. Bell-ringing transformers are used to power up the intercom systems.
  3. Bell-ringing transformers provide the necessary power for these automation-integrated systems.

Instrument transformer

An instrument transformer is a type of transformer used to measure voltage or current in electrical power systems. Instrument transformers are essential components in power system monitoring, control, and protection. Potential transformers provide electrical isolation between the high-voltage system and the measuring instrument, ensuring safety.
Instrument transformer
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

Instrument transformers are widely used in substations, distribution, industrial applications etc.

  1. Current Type
  2. Potential type

Applications Of Instrument Transformer 

  1. CTs and PTs are used to supply input signals to protective relays.
  2. Instrument transformers are used in power quality monitoring systems such as voltage harmonics, sags, swells, and interruptions.
  3. Instrument transformers are utilized in energy management systems to measure electrical parameters such as voltage, current, power, and energy consumption. 
  4. CTs are commonly used for transformer protection applications to measure the current.
  5. Instrument transformers are used in motor protection systems.
  6. CTs and PTs are used in generator protection systems.
  7. CTs and PTs support advanced functionalities such as remote monitoring, demand response and voltage regulation.
  8. Instrument transformers are used in the testing and calibration of meters and relays.

Constant transformer

A constant voltage transformer is a type of transformer that provides a stable output voltage even when the input voltage fluctuates. A constant voltage transformer provides electrical isolation between the input and output circuits. Constant transformer provides protection against voltage spikes, surges, and other transient events.

Constant transformer
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

The standard primary voltage is 2400 volts. The secondary current is 6.6 or 12 A. The standard rating of this type of transformer is 5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,50,60 and 70 kv.

Applications Of Constant Transformer 

  1. CVTs are used to power sensitive electronic equipment such as computers, servers, telecommunication systems, medical devices, and laboratory instruments. 
  2. In audio and video production studios, broadcast facilities, and entertainment venues, CVTs are used to power audio amplifiers, video processors, recording equipment, and other audiovisual devices. 
  3. Constant voltage transformers are used in lighting applications.
  4. CVTs find applications in industrial automation systems to power control panels, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), motor drives, and other automation equipment. 
  5. Constant voltage transformers are used in telecommunication networks to power communication equipment such as routers, switches, modems, and antennas. 
  6. In emergency lighting systems for buildings, CVTs are used to power emergency lighting fixtures and exit signs. 
  7. Constant voltage transformers are used in medical equipment such as MRI machines, CT scanners, X-ray machines, and life support systems. 

Series transformer for street lightning

The series transformer is used in a series of incandescent street lamps. The working principle of this type of transformer is like an instrument current transformer. The primary coils are connected to a series of main circuits. The lamp is connected to a secondary coil. There are different applications of series transformers including

Series transformer for street lightning
10 Types of Electrical Transformer W.r.t Usage

Applications Of Series Transformer For Street Lighting 

  1. Street lighting systems Include timers, photocells (light sensors), or motion sensors to automatically turn the lights on and off.
  2. Many modern street lighting systems use energy-efficient LED (Light Emitting Diode).
  3. Some street lighting systems are equipped with centralized control and monitoring systems that allow operators to remotely manage the operation of individual lights or groups of lights. 
  4. Smart street lighting solutions include adaptive lighting levels and remote dimming.

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