Parallel Operation Of Single Phase Transformer -Electronicsinfos

What is the Parallel Operation Of a Single-Phase Transformer?

Parallel Operation Of Single-Phase Transformer

When the primary winding of Two or more single-phase transformers is connected with a common input supply or bus bar, and the secondary windings of transformers are connected with the same load is called the parallel operation of a single-phase transformer.

The primary windings are connected to the supply busbar and the Secondary windings are connected to the load busbar.

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Need For Parallel Operation

Sometimes on the transmission and distribution side, The load capacity is high and the transformer still needs to fulfill the requirements of the load. Now there are two ways: we used a Single higher capacity transformer or the same capacity of a different transformer in parallel. The best option is to operate more than one transformer in parallel to fulfil the load requirements.

• Multiple Transformer provides a Backup option in case of Maintenance is needed.
• Parallel operation provides uninterruptable supply to the load.
• Parallel operation enhances the stability of the system.
• Parallel operation is economically feasible.

Parallel Operation Of Single-Phase Transformer

parallel equation of single-phase transformer

For the primary side

For the secondary side

Now, applying KCL at the parallel connection point

Combining the KVL equations and simplifying

Where

Vp1 and Vp2  are the primary voltages of the transformers.

Vs1 and Vs2 are the secondary voltages of the transformers.

Ip1 and Ip2 are the primary currents of the transformers.

Is1 and  Is2 are the secondary currents of the transformers.

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Conditions for Parallel Operations

1. Polarity Must be the same (Necessary Condition)
2. Turn Ratio(Necessary Condition)
3. Frequency and voltage
4. Same Equivalent Resistance and reactance (X/R Ratio)

Polarity

Both transformer polarities must be the same otherwise short circuit operation happens.

Frequency and voltage

The transformer's primary windings are designed according to the supply system voltages and frequency.

Transformation Ratio

The turn ratio must be Identical to operate the transformer in parallel.

Same Equivalent Resistance and reactance

The value of resistance and reactance of winding must be the same to operate the transformer in parallel. In Simple words X/R ratio must be the same.

Advantages of Parallel Operations

1. If we operate the transformer in parallel the cost is minimized as compared to the single large unit.
2. The reliability factors are high in parallel operations of the transformer as compared to the single large unit.
3. The management of a parallel transformer unit is easy.
4. The overall capacity of the system is increased.
5. Easy to add and remove the transformer as per load requirements.

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