Single Phase Electrical Transformer
A transformer is a Static Device in which Electrical power Transfers from one circuit to another Circuit without a change in frequency is called Transformer. A single-phase transformer Means there is only one Phase to operate the load is called a single phase transformer.
A Single phase consists of Two Winding: The first winding which is connected to the main supply is called Primary Winding and the Other winding which is connected to the load is called Secondary Winding.
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Principle of Transformer
A transformer consists of two inductive windings which are Electrically isolated but magnetically coupled to each other with Mutual Induction. This winding is wound on a core which provides a low reluctance path.
The Principle of Transformer is based on the Faraday Law of Electromagnetic Induction.
The principle says when we connect one winding to the main alternating supply the magnetic flux is produced due to the flow of current in the coil when this current links with the secondary coil it produces induced EMF in the secondary coil and if the circuit is closed the current is flowing in the secondary coil.
- Eind = - N dф /dt
- Eind = Induced Emf
- N= Number of Turns
- dф /dt = change in flux per unit of time
- - =Negtive represents lens law
Construction of Single Phase Transformer
A single-phase Transformer has Two Windings: One Winding which is connected to the supply is called primary winding and another which is connected to the load is called secondary winding.
A single-phase transformer consists of a thin steel Laminated core (0.25-0.5mm) whose purpose is to reduce the Eddy current. This is the basic construction of a single-phase transformer.
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- Vp: Primary Voltage
- Vs: Secondary voltage
- Np: Primary Turns
- Ns: Secondary turns
- Ip: Primary Current
- Is: secondary current
- Ñ„: flux is weber
Np: Ns, Vp: Vs, Is: Ip
Single-phase transformers are two types based on voltages: One is a Step-up Transformer and the other is a Step-Down Transformer. if the Transformer increases the voltage at the secondary side is called a step-up transformer and if decreases the voltage at the secondary side is called a step-down transformer.
The Emf Equation of Transformer is defined when it works as a step-up or step-down transformer.
Emax = 4.44*N*f*Ñ„max
Applications of Single phase Transformer
- Single phase Transformer used as Impedance Matching.
- A single-phase Transformer is used to Control The Voltage.
- The transformer is used as a Step-up and Step-down voltage.
- Single phase transformer used in Electronic Circuit Like rectification etc
- To obtain phase Shifted voltage from the main power transformer is used.
- A single-phase transformer is used to handle low power as compared to Three-phase Transformer.
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