Comparison Between Current Transformer And Potential Transformer
What Is Current Transformer(C.T)?
Current Transformers (CTs)
👉CTs are connected in series with the circuit being measured
👉CTs typically have a toroidal core with primary and secondary windings
👉CTs are used to measure and monitor electric current in power systems.
👉CTs are used to measure and transform high currents into proportional lower currents,
👉They consist of a primary winding, which is connected in series with the current-carrying conductor, and a secondary winding.
👉The primary winding is designed to handle the high current levels in the power system, while the secondary winding provides a scaled-down current proportional to the primary current.
👉The secondary winding of the CT is connected to measuring instruments, protective relays, meters, or other devices that require a lower current level for measurement or control.
👉CTs have high accuracy and can accurately represent the primary current with a well-defined turns ratio between the primary and secondary windings.
👉They provide electrical isolation between the high-current power system and the secondary circuit, ensuring safety for the connected devices and personnel.
👉CTs are commonly used for metering, protective relaying, fault detection, current monitoring, and load analysis.
👉CTs have a secondary current rating, typically in milliamperes (mA)
👉CTs have a transformation ratio that specifies the ratio of primary current to secondary current
👉CTs have a burden in the form of resistance or impedance that affects the accuracy of current measurement
👉CTs have different accuracy classes based on their intended precision and error tolerance.
👉CTs are typically larger and bulkier.
👉CTs are more susceptible to core saturation due to the presence of high currents.
👉CTs have a voltage rating on the primary side, which should not be exceeded to prevent insulation breakdown.
👉CTs are designed to withstand high short-circuit currents.
👉CTs are commonly used in power systems for protection, metering, and monitoring purposes
👉CTs are generally safer to handle compared to PTs due to the lower voltages involved in their secondary circuits.
👉CTs have a negligible phase angle error.
👉CTs are typically connected to the main current-carrying conductor.
👉CTs are usually designed for higher insulation levels due to the presence of high currents.
👉CTs are designed for specific frequency ranges, often optimized for power system frequencies (50 or 60 Hz).
👉CTs are used in current-based applications, such as protection relays, power metering, and fault detection
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What Is Potential Transformer(P.T)?
Potential Transformers (PTs)
👉PTs are connected in parallel to the circuit being measured.
👉PTs usually have a laminated core with primary and secondary windings.
👉PTs are used to measure and transform high voltages into proportional lower voltages.
👉PTs, also known as voltage transformers, are used to measure and monitor voltage levels in power systems.
👉They consist of a primary winding, which is connected in parallel with the power system voltage, and a secondary winding.
👉The primary winding of the PT is designed to handle the high voltage levels in the power system, while the secondary winding provides a scaled-down voltage proportional to the primary voltage.
👉The secondary winding of the PT is connected to measuring instruments, protective relays, meters, or other devices that require a lower voltage level for measurement or control.
👉PTs have high accuracy and can accurately represent the primary voltage with a well-defined turns ratio between the primary and secondary windings.
👉They provide electrical isolation between the high-voltage power system and the secondary circuit, ensuring safety for the connected devices and personnel.
👉PTs are commonly used for metering, protective relaying, voltage monitoring, control and regulation, and synchronization of power systems.
👉PTs have a secondary voltage rating, usually in volts (V).
👉PTs have a burden that affects the accuracy of voltage measurement.
👉PTs have a transformation ratio that specifies the ratio of primary voltage to secondary voltage.\
👉PTs have different accuracy classes based on their intended precision and error tolerance.
👉PTs are typically smaller.
👉PTs are less affected by core saturation.
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