Comparison Between Current Transformer And Potential Transformer
Current Transformer Vs Potential Transformer |
What Is a Current Transformer(C.T)?
A Current Transformer (CT) is a type of instrument transformer designed to measure alternating current (AC) in electrical systems. It consists of a primary winding, which carries the current to be measured, and a secondary winding which generates a proportionally reduced current, which is used for measurement purposes.
Current Transformer Vs Potential Transformer |
Current Transformers (CTs)
- CTs are connected in series with the circuit being measured.
- CTs have a toroidal core with primary and secondary windings.
- CTs are used to measure and monitor electric current in power systems.
- CTs are used to measure and transform high currents into proportional lower currents,
- They consist of a primary winding, which is connected in series with the current-carrying conductor, and a secondary winding.
- The secondary winding of the CT is connected to measuring instruments, protective relays, meters, or other devices that require a lower current level for measurement.
- CTs have high accuracy and can accurately represent the primary current with a well-defined turn ratio between the primary and secondary windings.
- They provide electrical isolation between the high-current power system and the secondary circuit.
- CTs are commonly used for metering, protective relaying, fault detection, current monitoring, and load analysis.
- CTs have a secondary current rating, in milliamperes (mA).
- CTs have a burden in the form of resistance or impedance that affects the accuracy of current measurement.
- CTs have different accuracy classes based on their intended precision and error tolerance.
- CTs are typically larger and bulkier.
- CTs are more susceptible to core saturation due to the presence of high currents.
- CTs have a voltage rating on the primary side, which should not be exceeded to prevent insulation breakdown.
- CTs are designed to withstand high short-circuit currents.
- CTs are generally safer to handle compared to PTs due to the lower voltages involved in their secondary circuits.
- CTs have a negligible phase angle error.
- CTs are typically connected to the main current-carrying conductor.
- CTs are usually designed for higher insulation levels due to the presence of high currents.
- CTs are designed for specific frequency ranges 50 or 60 Hz.
What Is Potential Transformer(P.T)?
A Potential Transformer (PT), also known as a Voltage Transformer (VT), is a type of instrument transformer that is used to transformation of voltages high levels to lower level allowing for safe and accurate measurement .
Potential Transformers (PTs)
- PTs are connected in parallel to the circuit being measured.
- PTs have a laminated core with primary and secondary windings.
- PTs are used to measure and transform high voltages into proportional lower voltages.
- PTs, also known as voltage transformers, are used to measure and monitor voltage levels in power systems.
- They consist of a primary winding, which is connected in parallel with the power system voltage, and a secondary winding.
- The secondary winding of the PT is connected to measuring instruments, protective relays, meters, or other devices that require a lower voltage level for measurement or control.
- PTs have a voltage rating on the secondary side.
- PTs may not be able to handle such high currents.
- PTs are generally not safer to handle compared to CTs.
- PTs often have built-in voltage transient protection mechanisms, such as surge arresters, to protect against voltage spikes and surges.
- PTs can introduce phase angle errors due to the impedance of their windings.
- PTs have lower insulation requirements.
- PTs are relatively more frequency-independent.
- They provide electrical isolation between the high-voltage power system and the secondary circuit.
- PTs have a secondary voltage rating, usually in volts (V).
- PTs have a burden that affects the accuracy of voltage measurement.
- PTs have a transformation ratio that define the ratio of primary voltage to secondary voltage.
- PTs have different accuracy classes based on their intended precision.
- PTs are typically smaller size.
- PTs are less affected by core saturation.
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